Mbiri
Masamba a thonje, omwe amadziwikanso kuti thonje masamba kapena Q-tips, adapangidwa ndi Leo Gerstenzang m'ma 1920s. Anaona mkazi wake akukulunga thonje ndi zotokosera m’mano kuti azitsuka m’makutu mwa mwana wawo ndipo anauziridwa kuti apange chida chotetezeka komanso chogwira ntchito bwino cha cholinga chomwecho. Iye anayambitsa Leo Gerstenzang Infant Novelty Co. mu 1923 ndipo anayamba kupanga thonje swabs. Patapita nthawi, timitengo ting'onoting'ono tokhala ndi nsonga za thonje zinayamba kutchuka chifukwa cha ntchito zosiyanasiyana kupitirira kuyeretsa makutu, monga kupaka zopakapaka, kuyeretsa mwatsatanetsatane, ndi ntchito zamanja. Komabe, ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti akatswiri azachipatala amalangiza kuti asalowetse thonje swabs m'makutu, chifukwa amatha kukankhira sera mozama kapena kuvulaza.
Ubwino Wopanga ndi Chitukuko
Chovala cha thonje nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi ndodo yaying'ono yathabwa kapena pulasitiki yokhala ndi mbali imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri zokutidwa ndi ulusi wa thonje. Mapeto a thonje amapangidwa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, monga kuyeretsa kapena kupaka zinthu kumadera ang'onoang'ono, pomwe ndodo imapereka chogwirira kuti chizitha kuwongolera mosavuta.
Mapangidwe a thonje swab apita patsogolo kwambiri kuyambira 1920s. Kwa ntchito zambiri, timitengo tamatabwa,zomwe zimalowedwa m'malo ndi ndodo zamapepala, ndipo zinali zosavuta kung'ambika ndikuboola minofu ya khutu. Ndodo za pepala zopyapyalazo zinkapangidwa ndi kugudubuza pepala lolemera kwambiri. Posachedwapa, pulasitiki yakhala yotchuka kwambiri pazitsulo za spindle chifukwa imapereka kusinthasintha komanso kusasunthika kwa madzi. Komabe, kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala popanga shaft ya pulasitiki kuti isadutse mulu wa thonje kumapeto kwa ndodo. Kuti izi zisachitike, ma swabs adapangidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zapadera. Mwachitsanzo, ma swabs ena amapangidwa ndi kapu ya pulasitiki yotetezera kumapeto kwa spindle, pansi pa zokutira za thonje. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu chomangira, monga chomatira chazitsulo zofewa zosungunula, kuteteza mapeto a ndodo ngati atulukira m'thupi la nsongayo poisintha. Njira yachitatu yopewera vutoli ikukhudza njira, yomwe imabweretsa swab yokhala ndi nsonga yoyaka. nsonga yoyaka iyi siingathe kulowa kwambiri m'khutu chifukwa cha kukula kwake.
Ngakhale sayenera kuyikidwa mu ngalande ya khutu chifukwa cha chiopsezo chokankhira sera mkati mwake.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zodzoladzola / Kuchotsa: Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka kapena kuchotsa zopakapaka, makamaka pokhudza kukhudza m'maso ndi milomo.
Zaluso ndi Zokonda: Masamba a thonje atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'ntchito zosiyanasiyana zaluso, monga kujambula, kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane, ndikugwiritsa ntchito guluu pang'ono kapena zida zina.
Thandizo Loyamba: Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popaka mafuta odzola, mafuta opaka, kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo pamabala ang’onoang’ono kapena akapsa pang’ono.
Kuyeretsa M'nyumba: Masamba a thonje ndi osavuta kuyeretsa malo ang'onoang'ono komanso ovuta kufika, monga ngodya zamagetsi, kiyibodi, kapena zinthu zosalimba.
Kumbukirani, ngakhale kuti thonje ndi zida zosunthika, ndikofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito mosamala komanso molingana ndi zomwe akufuna kuti mupewe kuvulala kapena zoopsa zina.
kapangidwe
Ngakhale kuti thonje la thonje ndi laling’ono, limatha kuthandiza anthu m’zochitika zambiri m’moyo, m’zamankhwala, ndiponso pantchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati titagwa ndikufunika kupukuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, Q-nsonga yoyera imapewa mabakiteriya omwe timagwiritsa ntchito kuti agwirizane ndi bala, ndipo thonje kumbali zonse ziwiri zimatha kuyamwa mankhwalawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino.
Chiyembekezo cha chitukuko
M'nthawi ya thonje, thonje imagwirizana kwambiri ndi moyo waumunthu, mabala a thonje amatha kuwoneka paliponse m'madera osiyanasiyana, sitili ndi teknoloji yokha yosinthira ndodo, komanso tikhoza kusintha m'mimba mwake ndi mawonekedwe a mutu wa thonje, ndi kukula. za kukula kwa mafakitale padziko lonse lapansi komanso kusiyanasiyana kwa msika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thonje la thonje likhale losiyana kwambiri, ndikukhala ndi ntchito yachikhalidwe chimodzi, M'tsogolomu, kufunikira kwa msika wa thonje kumakhalanso ndi malamulo ake ofuna kusintha kwa thonje, kotero ubwino a thonje swabs akufunikabe kudalira msika.
Zida zogwiritsira ntchito
Pali zigawo zitatu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga swab: spindle kapena ndodo, yomwe imapanga thupi la swab; zinthu zoyamwa zomwe zimakutidwa pansonga zopota; ndi phukusi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala ndi swabs.
Spindle
Zopota zimatha kukhala ndodo zamatabwa, mapepala okulungidwa, kapena pulasitiki yotuluka. Zitha kupangidwa mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe akufuna. Zopangira zosamalira anthu ndizochepa komanso zopepuka ndipo zimangokhala 3 mu (75 mm) kutalika. Masamba opangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale amatha kupitilira kuwirikiza kawiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi matabwa kuti asasunthike kwambiri.
Absorbent mapeto zakuthupi
Thonje nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chivundikiro cha ma swabs chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwake, mphamvu ya fiber, komanso mtengo wake wotsika. Kusakaniza kwa thonje ndi zinthu zina za ulusi zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito; rayon nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhaniyi.
Kupaka
Zofunikira pakuyika zimasiyana kutengera momwe swab ikugwiritsidwira ntchito. Zina zaukhondo wamunthu, monga Q-nsonga, zimayikidwa mu bokosi lapulasitiki lomveka bwino (lotchedwa blister pack) lomwe limamangiriridwa ku fiberboard. Chesebrough-Ponds ali ndi patent pamapangidwe a phukusi lodzipangira lokha lazinthu za Q-tip. Patent iyi imalongosola phukusi lopangidwa ndi thupi la pulasitiki lokhala ndi tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tomwe timapanga mupulasitiki ndicholinga chotetezanso chivundikirocho pathupi. Zopaka zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga swabs zimaphatikizapo manja a mapepala. Kupaka kwamtunduwu ndikofala pazinsalu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe ziyenera kusungidwa zosabala musanazigwiritse ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, tili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolongedza, malinga ndi kafukufuku wamsika ndi zokumana nazo kunja: Mayiko aku Europe ndi America amakonda timitengo tapepala ndi thonje la thonje lopakidwa mabokosi apulasitiki akulu, poyerekeza ndi Japan ndi South Korea, amakonda mabokosi ozungulira, chifukwa mayiko osiyanasiyana ali ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana okongola, kapangidwe kake kawonekedwe kazopakako kaphatikizidwe ndi chikhalidwe chakumaloko kuti apange, koma matumba athu a thonje opaka thonje nthawi zonse amakhala pamalo apamwamba pamsika chifukwa cha mtengo wake.
The Manufacturing Njira
Njira zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga swab kutengera kapangidwe kake. Mwachizoloŵezi, ndondomekoyi ingathe kufotokozedwa m'magawo atatu akuluakulu: kupangira zitsulo, kuyika thonje, ndi kulongedza kwa swabs zomalizidwa.
Kuwongolera Kwabwino
Njira zambiri zoyendetsera bwino zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonetsetsa kuti thonje la thonje ndilovomerezeka. Zozungulira ziyenera kufufuzidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti ndi zowongoka komanso zopanda ungwiro, monga ming'alu ya kupsinjika kapena zolakwika zina. Thonje lomwe limamatira kumapeto liyenera kukhala loyera, kufewa, komanso kutalika kwa ulusi. Masamba omalizidwa ayenera kukhala opanda zomatira komanso m'mphepete lakuthwa, ndipo nsongazo ziyenera kukulungidwa mwamphamvu. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pazinsalu zopangira makanda. Kwa ma swabs opangidwira ntchito zina, zofunikira zina zamtundu zitha kukhala zofunika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ma swabs omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachilengedwe ayenera kukhala osabala mpaka atagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa mapulogalamu ena, kusowa kwa lint yotayirira kungakhale kofunikira. Zomwe zimafunikira pakuwongolera khalidwe zidzasiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Zoonadi, bokosi lililonse la swabs liyenera kuyezedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti nambala yolondola ya swabs yadzaza m'bokosi lililonse.
Tsogolo
Zatsopano zaposachedwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira kuteteza swab kuti isawononge minofu ya m'makutu ndi swab yokhala ndi thonje yowonjezera yodzaza ndi phoko. Kuti izi zitheke, chogwiritsira ntchito swab chimapangidwa ndi kutulutsa chubu chapulasitiki pamwamba pa thonje lolimba. Mbali ina ya ndodoyo ili ndi kapu ndipo mbali ina imakhala ndi thonje lachikale kwambiri. Chophimbacho chikhoza kuchotsedwa ndipo chigawo cha fiber chimadzaza ndi madzi aliwonse omwe akufuna kuti aperekedwe. Njirayi ikhoza kukhala yothandiza popaka madzi osiyanasiyana oyeretsera kapena mankhwala apakhungu. Zamtsogolo zaukadaulo wa swab zitha kukhala ndi gawo muukadaulo wamlengalenga zinali bwino. Kampani ya Micro Clean, pansi pa chilolezo chaukadaulo kuchokera ku National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), posachedwapa yakonza thonje loyamba lomwe lili ndi mayamwidwe a thonje koma limakwaniritsa zofunikira za NASA zopanda lint, zopanda zomatira pakugwiritsa ntchito zipinda zaukhondo. Nsaluyi imatsekeredwa mu sheath ya nayiloni ndipo chogwirira chamatabwa chimatsekeredwa mufilimu yocheperako kuti zisatulutse ulusi kapena kuipitsidwa kwina. Filimu yocheperako imalola dowel kutenga nkhawa zambiri, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kuti isagwere m'manja. Kanema wa sheathing ndi shrink amatha kupangidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera kapena kutengera zosungunulira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-04-2023